Poisson Distribution Calculator

Compute Poisson probabilities for a given rate (lambda) and number of events.

The expected number of events in the interval (must be greater than 0).

A non-negative integer (0, 1, 2, …).

What the Poisson Distribution Measures

The Poisson distribution models the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space, when these events happen with a known constant mean rate and independently of the time since the last event. It is widely used for counting rare events, such as calls arriving at a call center, decay events from a radioactive source, or typos on a page.

The Formula

The probability of observing exactly k events when the mean rate is λ is given by:

  • P(X = k): (λ^k · e^(−λ)) / k!
  • P(X ≤ k): Σ from i = 0 to k of P(X = i)

Mean and Variance

A distinctive property of the Poisson distribution is that both its mean and its variance equal λ. The parameter λ must be positive, while k must be a non-negative integer. As λ grows large, the Poisson distribution approaches a normal distribution.